Emerging Trends and Future Prospects in Internet of Things (IoT) Technology

The Internet of Things (IoT) can be described as an innovative approach and a new perspective towards the world and things existing in it. The present survey paper offers details on the definition of IoT, the constituents of its architecture, the technologies that facilitate IoT, key security concerns, IoT applications in different fields, social implications of IoT, and potential developments in the future of IoT. The architecture of IoT is divided into layers based on devices, communication, software, and applications which stipulates the interconnection of IoT systems. The enabling technologies like wireless communication systems or standards, embedded systems, and cloud computing are explained in detail with specific examples of their usefulness in IoT implementation. Security and privacy become two significant issues in the IoT context, raising the debate about issues, current solutions, and potential approaches. These use cases in smart cities, healthcare, and industries confirm that IoT has the potential to revolutionize operations through increased efficiency, sustainability, and improved quality of life. In addition, this paper also examines the social and economic impact of IoT, presents the recent trends like AI, recommendation, and regulations. Based on the assumptions of the present and possible future development of IoT, this survey seeks to establish the primitives for the development of IoT in orientation, obstacles, and possibilities for the formation of the digital age.