Securing Digital Images with Triple Watermarks: An Integer Wavelet Transform Approach

In the evolving landscape of digital media, protecting digital images through watermarking techniques is paramount. This research offers a digital image watermarking method using Integer Wavelet Transform (IWT). The host image is converted to gray scale and decomposed into subbands. Three different binarized watermark images are embedded into the horizontal subband (CH), vertical subband (CV) and diagonal subband (CD) by converting watermark bits to decimal numbers and adjusting pixel values. Inverse IWT is used to recreate the watermarked image. For watermark extraction, the reverse process is applied to retrieve the embedded information from the watermarked image. The scheme demonstrates outstanding performance when embedding a 256×256 size image, it achieves a Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) of around 52 dB in the CD subband, approximately 48 dB in the CH and CD subbands, and around 46 dB when embedded across the CH, CV, and CD subbands. The efficacy of the suggested technique in terms of image quality and watermark extraction accuracy is also determined by experimental findings, with comprehensive performance evaluations under various attacks. The proposed method shows potential for robust image authentication and copyright protection in digital media applications.