Research on Heat Dissipation Performance of Battery Modules Incorporating PCM and Fin Structures

To address the issues of excessive and non-uniform temperature distributions in lithium-ion battery modules under extreme operating conditions, a novel thermal management strategy integrating phase change material (PCM) with an optimized finned aluminum plate has been proposed. A comprehensive two-dimensional thermal model, incorporating detailed heat generation dynamics of individual cells, heat transfer mechanisms within the aluminum plate, and PCM phase transition behavior, has been developed. Utilizing computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations, a comparative assessment of the thermal performance between the PCM/aluminum plate fin module and a standalone PCM module is conducted under dynamic charge-discharge cycles. The results indicate that the $\operatorname{PCM} /$ aluminum plate fin module achieves a marked reduction in both maximum temperature and temperature gradient during these cycles, highlighting its effectiveness in mitigating thermal stress and enhancing temperature uniformity compared to the PCM-only module.