Comparative Analysis of Database Models for Data Management and Security: Evaluating MySQL, Azure Cosmos DB, ScyllaDB, Couchbase, and Firestore in a Student Record System

This research study explores the strengths and weaknesses of different database management system models focusing on data creation, manipulation, retrieval, as well as access control and data integrity. Here, five database systems are compared: MySQL, Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB, ScyllaDB, Couchbase, and Firestore Firebase. Key findings show that relational models such as MySQL are suitable for structured data and are designed for handling detailed queries, whereas non-relational models such as Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB and Firestore are highly flexible in nature and can be used for unstructured data. Scylla DB and Couchbase both have high performance for specific workloads but face data integrity and transaction support issues. Hence, it is concluded that there cannot be an appropriate data model for all circumstances. Relational models are more suited for complex transactions and structured data, while non-relational models are better for large amounts of unstructured data. Therefore, this study assists database administrators and IT specialists in the selection of an appropriate database management system for the effective management and security of data.