Exploring China's Climate Innovation: Insights from Outlier Patents Using BERT-LOF and LDA

This study utilized BERT-LOF and LDA algorithms to detect outlier patents in climate change and global warming domains, revealing distinct innovation themes. Abstracts of all patents related to climate change and global warming collected from the China National Intellectual Property Administration database from January 1, 1988 to December 31, 2023, were analyzed. The results indicated that in climate change, patents covered chrysanthemum planting, low carbon tech, and energy efficiency. Similarly, in global warming, patents focused on CO2 refrigerants, fluorine compounds in refrigeration, and propellants. The analysis emphasized the importance of unconventional ideas in innovation. Overlooking outliers may miss opportunities for significant advancements. Further research should explore practical applications and commercialization potential of these outliers to address environmental challenges effectively.