Data-Driven Cyber-Physical Anomaly Detection With GAN in Federated Smart Factories

Resilient operation of a wireless networked multirobot system (MRS) in a smart factory relies on the effective detection of physical anomalies from robots and cyber anomalies from wireless transmission errors or imprecise artificial intelligence decisions, which leads to a new technological frontier in data-driven industrial informatics: cyber-physical anomaly detection (AD). Furthermore, data patterns in a single smart factory are unlikely enough to train high-quality learning models for this new cyber-physical AD, which suggests the necessity to utilize operating data from multiple smart factories while keeping the privacy of each factory's data. To overcome the aforementioned technical challenges for cyber-physical AD in smart factories, this article proposes an integral mechanism of generative adversarial networks, federated learning, and fuzzy clustering acceleration. Generative adversarial networks facilitate data imputation to regenerate complete datasets alleviating anomalies caused by wireless communications. Federated learning enables rich privacy-preserving datasets to be jointly used among multiple collaborative factories. Furthermore, fuzzy clustering acceleration is embedded to speed up the factory selection algorithm such that efficient training and real-time physical AD in the large-scale operation of multiple smart factories can be achieved. Extensive computational experiments based on the KDD-99 dataset demonstrate the effective and efficient cyber-physical AD of wireless networked MRS in collaborative multiple smart factories.