Development of Microwave Imaging System Using UWB Antenna Array for Inhomogeneity Detection in Human Brain Phantoms

This study introduces a method for diagnosing multiple brain tumors using an array of eight compact ultrawideband (UWB) antennas. Employing radar technology, UWB monopole antennas encircle a brain phantom to detect inhomogeneities. Designed and characterized via a commercial electromagnetic solver, the antennas operate within a 1–6 GHz frequency range. A 3-D brain and tumor phantoms are fabricated, and eight antennas array based microwave imaging system is implemented. The system reconstructed radar-based images by analyzing back-scattered signals, using the delay-and-sum algorithm for tumor detection. Results show the system effectively identifies single or multiple brain tumors, with high correlation between measured and simulated data.