Mathematical Modeling and Deployment Optimization: Intelligent Reflecting Surface-Aided Communications Under Partial Blockages

Intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRS) can eliminate dead zones by providing alternative paths for radio signal propagation. However, in scenarios with many moving obstacles, the IRS aperture can be partially blocked, which can decrease the effective area and, consequently, reduce its gain. Although enlarging the IRS aperture can mitigate the effects of these obstructions, large IRSs can introduce inefficiencies because of location and cost constraints. Therefore, in this study, we propose a novel method for optimally designing IRS installation locations by considering spatial characteristics, such as the size and density of obstacles. We perform numerical analysis to highlight the importance of considering moving obstacles in developing an effective IRS deployment strategy. This study provides insights for establishing communication zones in environments with numerous obstructions, including smart factories, offices, and warehouses.