Task Offloading in Internet of Vehicles: A DRL-Based Approach With Representation Learning for DAG Scheduling

The rapid evolution of the Internet-of-Vehicles (IoV) has amplified the need for mobile computing resources, driving the shift toward offloading tasks to edge servers or vehicles with idle resources to optimize computational efficiency. To this end, an approach based on Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) is presented in this paper, termed DVTP, which integrates Variational Graph Attention Networks (VGAT) and Transformer models to optimize Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) task scheduling in vehicular networks. DVTP effectively captures both the spatiotemporal information and task dependencies, enabling more accurate and efficient task offloading decisions. Extensive simulation experiments demonstrate that DVTP outperforms traditional methods in reducing task completion times across various multi-vehicle and multi-edge server scenarios, showcasing its potential for real-world IoV applications.