Effect of Rainfall on Plane Wave Phase Distribution

For high-frequency wireless satellite communication scenarios, rain attenuation seriously affects the reliability of the communication system. The phase distortion caused by electromagnetic waves passing through the rain area is an important part of studying rain attenuation. Therefore, this study gives a general process for calculating the spatial distribution of the phase shift rate of plane wave transmission in the rain field. By constructing a spatial rainfall field, the extinction cross section is obtained using the DDA algorithm. Combining the Weibull raindrop spectrum and the M-P raindrop spectrum, a 100GHz high-frequency electromagnetic wave is selected to conduct an example analysis of the spatial distribution of the phase shift rate of the receiving radar aperture. The results show that due to the uneven and random distribution of the rainfall rate in space and the uneven distribution of raindrop size under the same rainfall rate, the phase distribution on the receiving radar aperture plane is random and uneven. This study can support the design and operation of MIMO systems and other radio systems affected by the tropospheric environment.