Utilizing Padlet for Project-Based Learning: A Study on the Relationship Between Student Formative Self-Assessment and Psychological Capital

This study explores the relationship between students' formative self-assessment and psychological capital within a Project-Based Learning (PBL) environment utilizing the digital tool Padlet. The research was conducted with university students across 27 classes, focusing on how psychological capital—comprising self-efficacy, hope, resilience, and optimism—affects students' self-assessment accuracy and engagement in PBL activities. The study found that higher levels of psychological capital significantly enhance students' participation in self-assessment and overall learning outcomes. Specifically, self-efficacy and hope were identified as key predictors of successful formative self-assessment. The findings suggest that integrating digital tools like Padlet in PBL can support more effective self-assessment practices, and that educators should consider strategies to develop students' psychological capital to maximize learning effectiveness.