Towards Sustainable Post-Exascale Leadership Computing

As computing systems approach the limits of traditional silicon technology, the diminishing returns in performance per watt present a significant barrier to sustaining growth in HPC. From a large-scale scientific supercomputing facility point of view, we propose a multifaceted strategy toward specialized hardware and architectures that are optimized for energy efficiency in specific applications. We also emphasize the need for integrating energy-aware practices across all levels of HPC, from system design and software development to operational policies. We discuss strategic opportunities such as the adoption of application-specific accelerators, the development of energy-efficient algorithms, and the implementation of data-driven operational analytics. Our goal is to develop a comprehensive roadmap ensuring that future leadership systems at OLCF can meet scientific demands while operating within stringent energy budgets, thereby supporting sustainable computing growth.