Eco-Friendly Energy Storage Systems Based Demand Side Management for Rural Microgrid by Dandelion Optimization Algorithm

Energy storage systems play an essential role in ensuring a consistent power supply for microgrids in rural areas without access to the main grid. These systems also facilitate the efficient utilization of renewable energy sources such as solar and wind by storing excess energy for subsequent use. Selecting the most suitable type and capacity of batteries is of paramount importance for sustainable energy storage in rural microgrids. Lead-acid batteries are commonly utilized due to their relatively low cost and high discharge capacity. In contrast, lithium-ion batteries offer several advantages, including reduced environmental impact, lighter and more compact designs, and faster charge and discharge capabilities. This study employs the Dandelion Optimization Algorithm to compare the costs and environmental impacts of lead-acid and lithium-ion batteries, ultimately determining the optimal battery selection. The study also aims to identify the optimal battery capacity for balancing solar and wind power generation and demand power in microgrids. Energy storage systems facilitate efficient demand management functions and can promote the adoption of off-grid microgrids in rural areas. The results of this research can inform future studies in the field of metaheuristic algorithms.