Development of a Peltier Cooling System Monitoring and Control for a Lightweight Electric Vehicle Battery Using Microcontroller

The rapid advancement in electric vehicle (EV) technology necessitates innovative solutions for efficient battery thermal management. This research paper presents the development of a peltier cooling system integrated with an ESP32 microcontroller, an LM35 temperature sensor, and a ThingSpeak application for monitoring and control of a lightweight electric vehicle battery cooling system. The primary objective is to design a cooling system that ensures optimal battery temperature, enhance performance, and prolong battery life. The system utilize the LM35 temperature sensor and power energy meter PZEM 017 to facilitate the continuous monitoring of the battery temperature and power energy meter. The system employ the LM35 temperature sensor to continuously measure battery temperature. The microcontroller processes these readings to control the peltier cooling module via a relay, activating or deactivating the cooling system as needed. Data collected, including temperature and power consumption, is transmitted to ThingSpeak, which provides real-time visualization and historical analysis. The experimental result shows a promising cooling effect using a peltier with a reasonable amount of power consumption was 35 watts. In addition, the experimental test show that the cooling time using simulation battery (electric heater) surface temperature is significantly reduced using the TEC-based for a single cell when the heating process to 40 °C and 50 °C. The combination of ESP32 microcontroller and ThingSpeak provides a scalable and flexible solution for real-time monitoring and control, thereby enhancing the performance and safety of electric vehicle batteries. This approach not only represents an advancement in current cooling strategies but also paves the way for future innovations in the field of smart thermal management systems.