HCI/UX/UI Education Issues and Learning Challenges for Thai Undergraduate Students

User Experience (UX) design is crucial today, increasing the demand for skilled professionals. This study examines the learning obstacles faced by Thai undergraduate students in HCI, UX, and UI design. A mixed-methods approach, including a literature review and a survey of 41 students who participated in a UI Design-athon, was used. The primary challenges in learning HCI/UX/UI include lack of practice time (75.6%), expert guidance (56.1%), and real-world opportunities (53.7%). Students found varying difficulty levels across UX design stages, especially in Empathy and Ideation. Mood board creation and visualization were the most challenging in UI design. Analyzing and evaluating UX/UI were also difficult (36.59%). Students highlighted the importance of online resources (48.78%) and structured training courses (34.15%) for developing UX/UI skills. These findings highlight the need for a multi-dimensional approach to improve UX education in Thailand, increasing industry collaboration and providing more practical experiences.