Design and Analysis of Modified Rectangular Array Configurations for Improved Radiation Performance in Ku-band Applications

This paper presents the design and analysis of modified rectangular array configurations aimed at enhancing radiation performance for Ku-band applications. Traditional rectangular arrays, while effective in achieving high gain, often suffer from elevated sidelobe levels, which can lead to interference in sensitive environments. To address this, we investigated several geometric modifications, including square-cut and L-shaped cut arrays, to reduce the number of active elements and improve key performance metrics such as gain, sidelobe level (SLL) and half-power beamwidth (HPBW). The modified arrays were simulated and compared with a conventional $25 \times 25$ rectangular array. The results demonstrate that the square cut array offers balanced performance with a gain of 31.9 dBi and an SLL of - $\mathbf{2 0. 2} \mathrm{dB}$, while the L-shaped cut array significantly reduces sidelobe levels to $\mathbf{- 2 4. 2} \mathbf{d B}$, making it ideal for interference-prone applications. These findings highlight the importance of choosing the appropriate array configuration based on specific application requirements and suggest that further optimization could lead to even greater performance improvements in future antenna systems.