Stability Analysis of Load Frequency Control Systems With Electric Vehicle Considering Time-Varying Delay

The stability analysis problem is being studied for load frequency control (LFC) systems with electric vehicle (EV) integration and time delays. This research proposes new power system models that take into account time-varying delay and state of charge. Using a novel Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional and an innovative inequality approach, two stability criteria are derived to achieve less conservative results. The study also examines the relationships between the proportional-integral (PI) parameter, maximum allowed upper bounds, and the effect of the state of charge through a case study. Finally, simulations are performed on single-area LFC systems to demonstrate the effectiveness and benefits of the proposed approach.