A Multi-Input Single-Output DC-DC Converter with Reduced Number of Switches

To integrate hybrid energy storage and photovoltaic systems into rail transit systems, a novel multi-port DC-DC converter is proposed. This converter features a new topology that minimizes the number of switches, thereby improving efficiency and reducing costs. It supports the integration of lithium batteries and supercapacitors in a multiple-input single-output system. Through experimental simulations, this design optimizes energy transfer efficiency under various operating conditions. It verifies that, without being constrained by the duty cycle limitations of traditional converter structures, the proposed DC-DC converter can integrate and transmit energy from PV /storage arrays, ensuring that both current and voltage remain stable within the reference value range. This provides a reliable solution for modern rail transit energy systems.