Surfing With the Tides: How Does Dual Strategic Orientation Enhance Organizational Resilience Through Resource Orchestration? A Moderated Mediation Model

Organizational resilience (ORE) is crucial for businesses to cope with disruptions and achieve long-term survival in volatile environments. Strategic orientation (SO), which serves as a beacon for the long-term development of firms, has a significant influence on ORE. However, existing research remains inconclusive regarding the relationship between SO and ORE. This article seeks to investigate the mechanisms through which the emerging dimensions of SO—digital orientation (DO) and environmental orientation (EO)—impact ORE, drawing on resource orchestration (ROR) theory and organizational learning theory. In particular, we explore the mediating role of ROR in explaining the diverse pathways from DO and EO to ORE under the boundary conditions of organizational memory (OM) and environmental hostility (EH). This research tests the proposed hypotheses using a mixed-methods approach with a sample of 304 Chinese firms. The hierarchical multiple regression results indicate that both DO and EO positively affect ORE, with ROR serving as a full mediator. More interestingly, OM positively moderates the indirect effects of DO and EO on ORE via ROR, whereas EH only strengthens the indirect relationship between DO and ORE via ROR. Furthermore, the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis results reinforce these findings by revealing that four configurations of these variables can achieve high ORE. This study helps enrich the literature on SO and ORE and provides practical insights to guide firms in enhancing ORE.