Exploring Variational Methods in Hydro- and Hemodynamics Through Incompressible Velocity Distribution Sampling

Artificial neural networks are a robust tool for approximating spatial and temporal functions. This study introduces a novel method for hydro- and hemodynamics based on the minimization of a power loss. This loss function corresponds to the variational formulation of the boundary value problem, generalizing the Helmholtz variational principle to accommodate various mechanical boundary conditions. The method employs a global approximation of velocity distribution within the flow domain, parameterized by flow rate, allowing a single inference model to address multiple problems. The efficacy of the method was validated using 2D and 3D images, including 3D vessel images, with results compared against analytical and numerical solutions. Potential applications span a range of medical tasks, such as drug delivery, pressure distribution calculation, and vessel strength assessment.