Design of a Fractional Order 2-DoF-PID Controller for Frequency Control in a Multi-Area Stand Alone Micro-Grid

In a stand-alone micro-grid (MG), frequency control is a very hard task. Due to the incessant fluctuation of power of the renewable energy sources (RESs), the gap between the demand and generation is precarious which forces the system frequency to oscillate. In addition to this, lack of inertia in the system, the frequency deviates from its nominal value. To address this issue a secondary controller is necessary. In this work, a 2-area stand- alone system has been taken and a two-degrees of freedom (2-DoF) PID controller has been coordinated to perform effectively for load frequency control (LFC). To enhance the response, a fractional 2-DoF-PID (2-DoF-FOPID) controller has been integrated. The design of this controller WGA technique has been applied. From the performance, the robustness of the 2-DoF-FOPID controller has been achieved due to the proper design of the controller endorsing WGA technique.