Optimal Placement of RDGs in Distribution Systems to Minimize Impact of EV Charging Stations

The increasing energy demand for various applications and the environmental pollution caused by energy production require strategic planning for integrating renewable wind and solar distributed generators (RDGs) within radial distribution systems (RDS). This study presents a novel method for optimally locating and sizing RDGs and electric vehicle charging stations (EVCS) to enhance network performance by reducing system power losses and improving voltage stability. A multi-objective optimization model is developed to deterministically adapt RDGs and EVCS capacities and placements while probabilistically accounting for uncertainties from intermittent renewable generation and variable electric vehicle charging demand. The allocation problem is efficiently solved using the Improved Harris Hawk’s Optimizer Algorithm (IHHOA). The efficacy of the suggested methodology is established through simulations on the IEEE 69-bus system, showing superior loss reduction and voltage stability improvements compared to conventional techniques. This approach supports the intelligent integration of clean energy and electric vehicle infrastructure for enhanced sustainability and cost-effectiveness.