The Deployment of Microservice at Edge based on MQTT for Low Latency

With the rapid development of smart manufacturing, existing microservice deployment strategies based on the TCP protocol tend to encounter problems such as network latency, excessive header length, and port exhaustion in high concurrency scenarios. MQTT Broker can relay data between microservices, effectively alleviating these issues. However, the communication overhead of the Broker is significantly related to its deployment and the dependency of microservices. An appropriate deployment solution can significantly improve service quality. To address this issue, this paper models the deployment of MQTT Broker and microservices as a graph with cycles. By introducing auxiliary variables, the NP-hard problem is transformed into a mixed-integer quadratic programming problem, improving problem-solving efficiency and optimizing the microservices deployment strategy to reduce communication overhead. Meanwhile, a real-world heterogeneous cluster was constructed to experiment on fault detection applications, elaborating on the superiority of the microservice deployment strategy designed in this paper. Experimental results demonstrate that our approach reduces communication overhead by 20% in comparison to both the greedy strategy and the K8s strategy. This suggests that achieving an optimal balance between the number of Brokers and microservices is vital for ensuring efficient resource utilization and maintaining low communication latency, particularly as the scale of services expands.