Wireless and Degradable Dual-Purpose pH Sensors for Agricultural and for Use as Fertilisers to Enrich Soils for Plant Growth

This paper presents a wireless and handheld pH measurement system with a flexible, detachable and degradable pH sensor. All materials that form the pH sensor materials have been selected so that they are degradable and form non-toxic and benign materials at the end of life. The pH sensors, once integrated with a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), enable real-time monitoring of pH levels and autonomous data collection. The degradable sensors align with UN sustainability goals, reducing environmental impact and encouraging reuse of electronics and responsible disposal practices.