Smart Virtual Inertia Emulation Techniques in Sustainable DC Energy Systems: A Mini Review

DC energy systems designed for sustainability, like DC microgrids, enhance energy efficiency by cutting down conversion losses from AC to DC. They strengthen resilience and aid in incorporating renewable energy sources, leading to a more sustainable and dependable energy infrastructure. When active distributed energy resources in DC microgrids occupy a large proportion of the power generation capacity, the rotational inertia of the entire power system is dramatically reduced. One of the serious challenges of low-inertia modern networks is the occurrence of severe changes in the main electrical indices at the time of disturbance. As a result, this issue may cause large voltage deviations that can lead to system instability. In recent decades, numerous studies have been conducted to simulate inertia in DC microgrids. With the remarkable development of power electronics converters, virtual inertia emulation has taken on a new meaning, so very smart approaches have been presented lately. In this paper, some effective methods associated with mimicking the real inertia in DC microgrids are discussed and briefly reviewed.