SanaSolo 2.0: Edge-Based Monitoring and Management of Soil Fertility Using IoT

In order to achieve optimal and sustainable produce, soil fertility monitoring and management are needed. A fully automated IoT-enabled edge-based system, SanaSolo 2.0, is proposed through this paper, which continuously monitors soil moisture, soil temperature, electrical conductivity (EC), pH, and the fertility levels of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K). The system is applied to two different types of soils - infertile and fertile. The vermicompost is added to the soils to observe the improvements in the nutrition content. With calibration and analyses, a significant improvement was observed when infertile soil was added with vermicompost. These findings not only demonstrate the importance and need of this system but also prove that the system is reliable, thereby supporting smart agriculture practices.