UNetMamba: An Efficient UNet-Like Mamba for Semantic Segmentation of High-Resolution Remote Sensing Images

Semantic segmentation of high-resolution remote sensing images is vital in downstream applications such as land-cover mapping, urban planning, and disaster assessment. Existing Transformer-based methods suffer from the constraint between accuracy and efficiency, while the recently proposed Mamba is renowned for being efficient. Therefore, to overcome the dilemma, we propose UNetMamba, a UNet-like semantic segmentation model based on Mamba. It incorporates a Mamba segmentation decoder (MSD) that can efficiently decode the complex information within high-resolution images, and a local supervision module (LSM), which is train-only but can significantly enhance the perception of local contents. Extensive experiments demonstrate that UNetMamba outperforms the state-of-the-art (SOTA) methods with mIoU increased by 0.87% on LoveDA and 0.39% on ISPRS Vaihingen while achieving high efficiency through the lightweight design, less memory footprint, and reduced computational cost. The source code is available at https://github.com/EnzeZhu2001/UNetMamba.