Improving Grid Stability and Power Quality in Advanced Technologies-Based Bidirectional EV Charging Stations: A Review

Integrating renewable energy into electric vehicle (EV) charging stations is crucial to improving sustainability, reducing carbon emissions and improving energy management. In addition to these benefits, addressing power quality concerns is essential for the infrastructure supporting EV charging to operate reliably. The issues about the quality of energy associated with bidirectional EV charging systems, particularly in Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) and Grid-to-Vehicle (G2V) operations using advanced control methods and adaptive filtering to help address power quality issues by dynamically adjusting charging parameters and enhancing system stability. With EV sales rising quickly, significant obstacles such as voltage fluctuations, harmonic distortions, and grid instability have emerged, especially during peak charging periods. These issues with power quality do not just compromise grid reliability but also impact the infrastructure for EV charging's effectiveness and lifespan. The paper highlights important techniques for enhancing power quality, emphasizing advanced control schemes, including predictive and adaptive control, and innovative converter technologies. The objective of these methods is to maximize power flow, reduce energy losses, and strengthen grid stability. The focus will be on advanced power electronics, smart grid integration, and real-time monitoring systems to address the current challenges while supporting the widespread adoption of renewable energy sources in EV charging infrastructure.