Security Issues and Solutions in Government to Citizens (G2C) Services – A Detailed Review

This research review explores the security challenges and solutions within Government-to-Citizen (G2C) digital interactions. It highlights the importance of securing citizen data against breaches, unauthorized access, identity theft, and cyberattacks, including phishing, social engineering, malware, and ransomware. The study recommends encryption, data protection, secure software development practices (such as continuous code reviews and penetration testing), regular security audits, and user education to mitigate these risks. It also presents case studies from various countries, offering a comparative analysis of different security strategies to identify effective approaches and common challenges. This analysis aids in informed decision-making, knowledge sharing, and the development of future strategies. Additionally, the thesis discusses the potential of emerging technologies like blockchain, biometrics, AI, and IoT to enhance G2C security further. Keywords include E-governance, G2C, Security, Cyber Security, Government, and Citizens.