Supporting Quality of Life Decision Making for Treating Breast Cancer Patients Using an Integrated Quality of Life Framework

The rising incidence of breast cancer globally highlights the need to focus on quality of life (QoL) as a key outcome in patient care. QoL includes several dimensions, such as physical, psychological, social, and spiritual well-being, all of which can significantly affect treatment outcomes and patient satisfaction. This study aims to develop a comprehensive QoL framework for breast cancer patients to enhance personalized treatment approaches. Utilizing a Design Science Research Methodology (DSRM), we combined established quality of life (QoL) assessment tools, including the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30), the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Breast-Specific Module (EORTC QLQ-BR23), and the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual Well-Being Scale (FACIT-Sp-12), into a comprehensive framework. We conducted a survey of 88 breast cancer patients undergoing treatment at a tertiary hospital in Jordan, collecting demographic, clinical, and QoL data through self-administered questionnaires. Results: Developing a visualized, comprehensive QoL framework for both stakeholders and patients allowed them to examine the various QoL domains that influence patient well-being and their potential impact on treatment outcomes. The analysis revealed that cognitive ability, social support, and physical activity significantly affected patients' QoL. The mean global health score was 65.81, indicating moderate QoL levels. Notably, spirituality, as measured by FACIT-Sp scores, showed a positive correlation with overall QoL, suggesting that spiritual well-being plays an essential role in patient coping and satisfaction. This integrated QoL framework provides valuable insights into the multifaceted experiences of breast cancer patients, emphasizing the need for personalized care that considers physical, functional, psychological, and spiritual dimensions alongside clinical treatment. Future research should further explore the association between these domains and their implications for treatment adherence and long-term survivorship outcomes.