Modelling and Validation of Geographic Information System (GIS)-Based Synthetic Distribution Network

The widespread integration of distributed generation (DG) and electric vehicles (EVs) into the grid is transforming the distribution networks. This transformation necessitates performing location-specific grid integration studies and has led researchers to model synthetic distribution networks to evaluate the network performance with new technologies. This paper developed a synthetic distribution network using the geographic information system (GIS)-based approach. Firstly, the input data from OpenStreetMap and Google Street View is obtained. Secondly, the synthetic distribution network is developed and implemented in DIgSILENT PowerFactory software. Finally, the simulation is carried out for steady state and quasi-dynamic analysis. The statistical validation method is demonstrated to validate the performance of the developed network for three scenarios: (1) base case, (2) with DG integration, and (3) with DG and EV integration - under both maximum and minimum system loading. The simulation results validated the robustness of the developed synthetic distribution network by keeping the voltage profiles within the statutory voltage limits (0.94 p.u. to 1.10 p.u.) for all scenarios. In addition, the DG integration scenario has resulted in increased voltage at each bus. On the other hand, the EV integration scenario has resulted in a voltage drop at each bus of the network.