Collaborative Routing With Multi-Heuristic Algorithm for Enhanced Delivery Efficiency in Truck-Multi Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Systems

This paper proposes the integration of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) into conventional delivery trucks as a solution to the challenges caused by the growing requirements of e-commerce and the congestion in urban areas in the logistics sector. The variable neighborhood priority routing problem using truck and multi-UAV (VNPRPTmD) is presented as a multi-heuristic technique aimed at minimizing delivery delays by utilizing both terrestrial and aerial delivery methods. The VNPRPTmD model improves delivery efficiency by utilizing consumer segregation and clustering, routing optimization, and multi-vehicle collaborative routing. The concept enables UAVs to operate with flexibility, departing from and returning to any specified spot, hence eliminating the requirement to return to their original location. This approach minimizes operational expenses and enhances the efficiency of delivering parcels by effectively leveraging the capabilities of trucks and multiple UAVs. The research provides an elaborate mathematical model, evaluates the materials and methods employed, and concludes with findings that clearly establish the effectiveness of this innovative delivery system.