A Comprehensive Review on Machine Learning Advancements for Plant Disease Detection and Classification

Plant diseases still exist and spread despite technological advancements in disease prevention. It is still a major concern for humanity as it affects the economy of agriculture-based countries and the food supply chain for countries where food is mostly imported. Using pesticides and insecticides without proper knowledge of disease is also concerning as it will not prevent or cure plant disease and will have adverse environmental effects. It is of utmost importance to recognize plant diseases most effectively, and the recent development in machine learning and vision transformer techniques has made this possible. This review discusses the latest developments in machine learning and vision transformer techniques for detecting and categorizing plant diseases in detail.