Smart City Evaluation Model Based on Impact Value Chain Perspective: A Literature Review

The implementation of smart cities and smart city services has many impacts on humans, both positive and negative. These impacts are felt in all public service sectors and also in the city in general. In evaluating the impact or benefits of the implementation of smart cities and smart city services, the impact value chain can be used to measure the impact on all interrelated activities, starting from input, activities, output, outcome, and impact. Although smart city and smart city service evaluation models have been widely developed by researchers, none have linked them to this impact value chain. Therefore, a literature review was conducted to determine how complete the indicators in the smart city and smart city service evaluation models are for activities in the impact value chain. In the review process, 24 articles were selected from highly-reputable journals. The results showed that none of the models had indicators that covered all activities in the impact value chain. Thus, there is an opportunity in the future to develop a more comprehensive smart city and smart city service evaluation model based on the impact value chain.