The Doppler Curves of Different Seismic Phases in Acoustic–Seismic Coupling Signals

Acoustic waves propagating to the surface interact with it, producing seismic waves through coupling. The type of seismic waves generated by acoustic wave coupling at the surface depends on the angle of incidence of the acoustic wave and the physical parameters of the solid medium. We numerically simulate the stationary source acoustic–seismic coupled wavefields of various half-space media. We synthesize the moving source acoustic–seismic coupled wavefields using the interference method. We use the interference method to synthesize the Doppler curves of various seismic phases. The Doppler curves in the acoustic–seismic coupled signals are highly consistent with the theoretically computed Doppler curves, confirming the accuracy of our results. The Doppler equations for seismic waves propagating along the air–solid interface were theoretically derived. This study introduces a novel approach to examining shallow surface properties. It offers theoretical guidance for seismologists to utilize Doppler curves in acoustic–seismic coupled signals for monitoring air traffic events.