Cybersecurity in SCADA Systems with Advanced AI and ML Techniques

SCADA systems are crucial for monitoring and controlling key infrastructures such as power grids, water supply, transportation networks, and industrial processes. With the increasing interconnectivity and complexity of these systems, they are exposed to numerous cybersecurity challenges. This paper provides a comprehensive literature review focusing on the vulnerabilities in SCADA systems and explores measures to mitigate these risks. Key vulnerabilities include the lack of built-in security mechanisms, open access networks, proprietary protocols, reliance on legacy systems and insecure network architectures. Various cybersecurity strategies such as adopting security standards, utilizing encryption, regular updates, network segmentation, intrusion detection systems (IDS) and security information and event management (SIEM) are discussed to enhance SCADA security. Additionally, the paper highlights the growing significance of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) in enhancing the security and robustness of SCADA systems.