Results on the Impact of GNSS Spoofing Attack on GNSS Sensors using RINEX Data

GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite Systems) receivers are devices specially designed to receive signals from satellite navigation constellations. It provides the data needed for positioning and timing mechanisms that are essential for a wide range of applications, including scientific measurements, navigation, and time synchronization. The small size and increased portability make it easy to integrate these receivers into a wide range of systems, from personal mobile devices, airplanes, drones to monitoring and control devices. However, the integrity of GNSS signals is increasingly threatened by spoofing attacks, where false signals are transmitted to mislead receivers about their position and time. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the impact of GNSS spoofing attacks on GNSS sensors using the Receiver Independent Exchange Format (RINEX) data to assess how these attacks impact the accuracy and reliability of navigation data. By testing different attack scenarios, the study identifies specific vulnerabilities and proposes mitigation methods to increase the resilience of GNSS sensors against these emerging threats. The results can be used to develop robust solutions to protect critical infrastructures and services that depend on accurate and secure GNSS data.