Local Communication in Small-Scale PV Systems: Study on Inverter – Smart Meter PLC Communication

This study investigates communication technologies and protocols for small-scale photovoltaic (PV) systems, focusing on the interaction between inverters and smart meters. The research evaluates the performance of Power Line Communication (PLC) technologies, comparing both narrowband (NB-PLC) and broadband (BB-PLC) options. The analysis identifies MODBUS protocol limitations and highlights the benefits of advanced protocols like DLMS/COSEM and DNP3 for enhanced efficiency and reliability. Field tests demonstrate the viability of PLC for residential PV systems, with narrowband PLC showing better performance over longer distances. Future work aims to optimize PLC communication, digitize ripple control signals, and develop a Multi-Radio and Cable Access Technology (Multi-RCAT) module. This module will integrate various communication technologies, enabling flexible and redundant local communication behind utility sub-meters. These advancements will support real-time production and consumption control, contributing to the efficient and sustainable operation of decentralized energy systems.