A Model in Matlab/Simulink for Grid-Forming Control of VSC Converters in HVDC Systems to Implement the Black-Start Function

The paper describes a model implemented in the Matlab/Simulink environment to realize the black-start function in a Voltage Source Converter (VSC) of a HVDC (High Voltage Direct Current) system. The main novelty of the paper is that the HVDC system is controlled with a grid-forming scheme. The developed model is then applied to the VSC converters in the HVDC conversion station of the Tyrrhenian Link East (TLE) located in Sicily, Italy. TLE is a HVDC project to connect the Italian regions of northern Sicily and Campania in southern Italy by a submarine link. The simulations implement three different working conditions, including the energization of the transmission line connecting the HVDC conversion station located in Caracoli with the thermoelectric power plant in Termini Imerese in Sicily.