Multi-Information Aggregation and Estrangement HyperGraph Convolutional Networks for Spatiotemporal Weather Forecasting

Weather forecasting is inextricably linked to human lives and represents a quintessential task of spatiotemporal modeling, necessitated by the spatial and temporal dependencies inherent in meteorological data. Recent studies have consistently shown the excellent performance of graph-based neural networks in accurately modeling spatiotemporal data across various applications. Yet, traditional graph neural networks (GNNs) are unable to handle the high-order diffusion and aggregation phenomena between meteorological data caused by advection. Moreover, the impacts of spatial correlation among multisource information and the presence of noise in meteorological data are often overlooked. This study proposes a novel approach for modeling the spatiotemporal dependencies in meteorological data using the multi-information spatiotemporal aggregation and estrangement hypergraph convolution network. This method employs a novel representation of meteorological data using hypergraphs to address the aforementioned challenges. Specifically, we construct adjacency and semantic hypergraphs to represent spatial correlations and then introduce aggregation and estrangement hypergraph convolution networks to effectively capture multi-information spatial correlations. A new reconstruction feature attention module has been developed to fuse aggregation and estrangement semantic spatial information across various subspaces. In addition, the hypergraph convolution is embedded within a recurrent neural network architecture to model the temporal correlations. Extensive experiments have been conducted on four weather datasets, and state-of-the-art performance has been achieved in comparison to mainstream baseline methods.