Utilization of the Karnaugh Map in Modification of the Defense Scheme Design According to Changes in Transmission Line Configuration in the Ketapang Electrical System

Electrical systems, especially those that are still isolated with back feeding systems, are dynamic systems because the power of the system is quite small with a load capacity that continues to grow. This development has a direct impact when there is a change in network configuration, especially in the transmission network due to the construction of network expansion to support the process towards interconnection with a larger system. One of the impacts is changes in power flow and also increased reactive power generated by the network. In November 2023 there will be a change in the transmission network configuration in the Ketapang Isolated System due to the construction of a new main substation, namely the Sandai Main Substation. This causes changes in transmission channel operating patterns which change the existing defense scheme patterns because they are no longer relevant. The previous defense scheme was a Direct Transfer Trip protection scheme in the form of a conventional wiring series from the contactor arrangement so to make changes it had to be redesigned. To support this, design changes were made using the Karnaugh Map method, the result of which was that the wiring circuit became concise and only needed to make small changes so that the new defense scheme could work according to design. This small change has a big impact on the security of the system's operating pattern in adapting to the new configuration, and this method is effective when there is a configuration change on the network in the future.