Experimental Findings of Underwater Capacitive Imaging

This article presents experimental findings that highlight the performance improvement and characteristics of capacitive imaging (CI) when used in drinking water. The article introduced a basic modeling mechanism for CI underwater in the form of a parallel circuit. The expected responses and behavior underwater are then derived. The investigation was then carried out through two experiments. The first experiment compared the CI response in air versus those obtained in water in terms of magnitude and signal-to-noise ratio. The second experiment demonstrated how real and imaginary capacitance can be used to identify different features in a sample. Furthermore, the experimental results were compared to the expected responses using the derived analytical models. These findings can advance the underwater applications of CI sensors and lead to new underwater nondestructive testing (NDT) and monitoring methods.