Design of Transformer Theft Prevention System Utilizing an Integrated Sensor Network and Real-Time Alerting

Transformers are essential components of power systems that provide a steady and reliable supply of electricity. Due to the design of these power systems, transformers are often situated in remote areas, which makes regular physical inspection and oversight challenging and increases the potential risk of theft. Therefore, in this paper an intelligent monitoring system has been proposed in order to prevent transformer theft, thereby reducing power disruptions and minimizing economic losses. The proposed system consists of sensors such as wire-cut feedback, an accelerometer, a pressure sensor, and a proximity sensor. These sensors are strategically located in the control box, together with a cellular communication module. When anomalies are detected by the system, it promptly notifies relevant authorities through SMS and phone calls to predefined contact numbers. It operates on mains electricity, switches to battery power during outages, and provides periodic status updates on system functionalities. Moreover, the system includes a maintenance mode allowing operators to disable and reactivate the alarm via predefined SMS commands.