Solar-Array Attenuation Analysis Method for Solar Synchronous Orbit Satellites

In this paper, we present a mathematical model and engineering processing method to address the issue of power output attenuation in solar arrays aboard solar synchronous orbit (SSO) satellites. Given the challenge of accurately quantifying influencing factors, our proposed method comprehensively analyzes key variables, including direct incident solar-light intensity, earthshine, satellite block occlusion, satellite attitude bias, operational temperature of solar cells, and space environment. To mitigate power attenuation, we introduce a solar-array attenuation analysis method based on a reference state. Furthermore, we develop a current and energy conversion efficiency model for the solar array by fitting telemetry data, resulting in a minimal relative error in array current, approximately 1%. This model is crucial for assessing the solar array's performance. Utilizing the energy conversion efficiency estimation model, we conduct an analysis of the solar array's output. Our findings indicate that, after five years in orbit, the satellite's attenuation rate is approximately 1.2%. This analysis underscores the efficacy of our proposed method in mitigating power degradation over time. Finally, we emphasize that the method outlined in this paper can serve a dual purpose: anomaly detection in the solar array and on-orbit satellite management.