Design of Camera Pan-Tilt System for Underwater Detection Robot Based on Dual-Axis Motion

In this paper, the key role of camera robot in underwater exploration is discussed, and a two-axis motion frame system is designed. The core of the system is its highly integrated hardware architecture and intelligent software algorithms, aiming to improve the efficiency and quality of underwater image acquisition. In the aspect of hardware design, the STM32 microcontroller with high performance is selected as the Brain Center, which is responsible for the unified scheduling of various functional modules. CMOS industrial camera serves as image acquisition unit, its excellent low-light performance and rapid response to ensure that the underwater environment, clear and stable image acquisition. With the introduction of stepping motor, the translation and tilt of the camera platform can be controlled accurately, so that the camera can rotate flexibly in the horizontal and vertical directions to meet different detection requirements. In order to ensure the stable operation of the system under extreme underwater conditions, the optimization of PTZ (Pan-Tilt-Zoom-RRB-control circuit and the integration of temperature and humidity sensors are especially emphasized in hardware circuit design, these measures effectively guarantee the reliability of the equipment. At the same time, the intelligent control mechanism of output power also ensures the efficient use of energy. In the structural design, all the joints are equipped with precision seals to prevent seawater intrusion, further enhancing the waterproof performance of the equipment. On the software level, the system adopts the advanced orthogonal iteration algorithm to optimize the image acquisition process. This algorithm can adjust camera parameters through iterative calculation in complex underwater environment, so as to achieve the best image stabilization effect. The experimental results show that the camera robot works well in the turbulent region, and has many advantages such as multi-angle rotation, precise positioning and real-time transmission. In addition, its compact structure, high reliability and high protection accuracy make it an ideal tool in the field of underwater exploration.