A Dual Scalar Magnetic Target Localization Method Using Anderson Basis Functions and Cuckoo Search-Based Spiral Update

Efficient and accurate magnetic target localization methods have important value in navigation, archaeology and other fields. The current scalar positioning technology of magnetic target mainly adopts more than two scalar magnetometers to form a spatial gradient observation array. However, this method has some shortcomings, such as requiring multiple magnetometers, perpendicular gradient axes and appropriate baseline distance. Therefore, this letter proposes a method with a horizontal structured dual scalar magnetometers. Firstly, we construct a set of Anderson basis functions using the magnetic anomaly signals measured by two magnetometers respectively, and further solve them using an Improved Cuckoo Search (ICS) algorithm based on the idea of spiral update. Finally, the exact estimation of the target characteristic parameters is achieved by combining the spatial structure relationship of the two magnetometers. The proposed method greatly reduces the number of magnetometers required and does not need to consider the baseline distance and gradient axis non-vertical problems. Numerical simulation results show that the target depth is in the range of [10 m, 25 m], with a root mean square error (RMSE) of target position and magnetic moment below 0.4 m and 30 A·m
²
, respectively. The results of field experimental data further demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.