Antenna Delay Calibration in an IR-UWB Radar Simulated by Vector Network Analyzer

This work presents a novel method for antenna delay calibration in an Impulse Radio Ultra-WideBand (IR-UWB) radar system, utilizing a Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) for simulation. The calibration approach involves adjusting the distance between a metallic plate and the radar device to compute the echo signal's flight time at various distances. The system delay is determined by measuring the S21 parameter and applying differential noise reduction techniques, enabling accurate localization of the echo signal's emission point. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method significantly improves the accuracy of distance measurements, with errors maintained within millimeter tolerances.