Comparative Analysis of Fault Detection Techniques in Power System

Fault detection is crucial in power systems to ensure the timely isolation of faulty sections and the maintenance of system stability. In this work, the importance of fault classi- fication and identification in analyzing transmission line faults is emphasized. Three methods for fault detection are proposed and compared: Total Harmonic Distortion (THD), Symmetrical Components (SC), and Wavelet Transform (WT). Current is considered a predominant parameter for detecting faults in the power system network. The three methods are applied and compared based on their ability to differentiate between healthy and faulty sections of the circuit breaker and relay. Results indicate that the WT method is the most suitable, outperforming THD and SC. The comparative analysis reveals that WT is more effective in differentiating the type of faults based on various coefficients. The findings of this study can be utilized to set various parameters in power system simulations in MATLAB, enhancing the efficiency of fault detection mechanisms. The simulation is conducted in MATLAB-Simulink, which generates fault signals for analysis.