An Improved Whale Optimization Algorithm for Ocean Wireless Sensor Network Coverage Simulation

Wireless sensor network (WSN) is widely used in fields such as marine environmental protection, and their nodes are usually deployed randomly, which can easily lead to low coverage in the monitoring area. On the basis of Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA), a new improved algorithm (IWOA) is proposed to solve the optimization deployment of WSN nodes and improve the communication performance of marine wireless sensor networks. The IWOA algorithm improves the coverage performance of network signals by adjusting the probability values of contraction and spiral update behaviors, as well as dynamically adjusting the step size of whale position updates. Using MATLAB to simulate the signal coverage of wireless sensor networks in a limited area, with 40 sensor nodes, IWOA improves the coverage of WSN by 2.99% compared to WOA. The experimental results show that IWOA algorithm can effectively improve the coverage performance of nodes and enhance the coverage of WSN.