High Directivity Improvements using the Theory of Characteristic Modes for High-Resolution Imaging of Brain Tumors

This paper uses the theory of characteristic modes to improve the directivity of a rectangular microstrip patch antenna. The designed antenna is then excited in its high-directivity mode and integrated into a system together a human brain phantom. A confocal algorithm is employed to achieve high-resolution medical images, facilitating tumor diagnostics. In the first step, TCM analysis is performed to identify the resonant mode with the most favorable directivity. This analysis reveals the frequency of each mode and its radiation performance without excitation. Subsequently, the identified high-directivity mode is excited to generate high-resolution images of brain tumors, aiding in improved tumor detection and treatment. The technique presented in this paper proposes an innovative solution to determine the location of the brain tumor with high-resolution imaging, particularly in their early stages, while effectively overcoming inherent challenges such as the small size of the tumors.